Artist’s replica
Item made by the artist or someone sanctioned by the artist, as a replacement for or version of the original, and using the same specifications. [e.g. Man Ray Gift]. May be qualified as ‘editioned’
Authenticated replica
Item certified as having been made by the artist or someone sanctioned by the artist, as a replacement for or version of the original, and using the same specifications
Copy
Item made by someone other than the artist in order to match the original. [e.g. Roman copies of Greek sculptures]
Duplicate
Inferring only one replica (or copy) of a single object
Editioned replica
Item that is one of several numbered items made by the artist or someone sanctioned by the artist, that reproduce the original using the same specifications
Emulate
A conservation term used to describe the intention to recreate the essence of a work
Exhibition copy
Item made by someone other than (though sometimes sanctioned by) the artist, as a public substitute for the original using the same specifications. [e.g. frequently found in relation to photographs]
Fabrication
The act of making an item from raw materials; noun: the result of ‘fabrication’ (but distinct from the idea of ‘lie’)
Facsimile
An exact copy or faithful likeness of the original work [e.g. particularly used in relation to books or manuscripts]
Fake – item made by someone other than the artist to a degree of precision and aging that seeks to deceive
Imitate
To make a copy
Original
Item made, ordered, certified or otherwise sanctioned by the artist, at a given time (and place), a new creation by an artist
Realisation
An idea or proposal that is made concrete
Reassembled work
Item originally made by the artist, and then reassembled (by the artist, or someone sanctioned by the artist), using original parts
Reconstruction
Item originally made by the artist, and then reassembled (by the artist, or someone sanctioned by the artist), using original and new parts
Re-fabrication
See remake
Remake
Item originally made by the artist, and then remade (by the artist, or someone sanctioned by the artist), using new materials
Rework
Action taken, possibly at a later date, on an existing item by an artist (or someone sanctioned by the artist) to correct a defect
Replica
Item made by someone other than the artist (though under licence) as a public substitute for the original using the same specifications
Reproduction
Item made by someone other than the artist (though under licence?) resembling the appearance of the original superficially, but not necessarily its material or techniques. [e.g. reproduction Rietveld furniture]
Simulate
In conservation terms, an attempt at close representation in order to study a specific problem or aspect of the artist’s practice
Substitute
An item that can take the place of another, but not necessarily holding the same characteristics; synonym: surrogate