J.M.W. Turner: Sketchbooks, Drawings and Watercolours

ISBN 978-1-84976-386-8
J.M.W. Turner > 1802-18 Academician and professor > Perspective lectures c.1809-28 > IV. Diagrams after John Joshua Kirby's ... > Artwork

Joseph Mallord William Turner Lecture Diagram: The Reflection and Refraction of Rays of Light c.1817-28

Joseph Mallord William Turner, ‘Lecture Diagram: The Reflection and Refraction of Rays of Light’ c.1817-28
Joseph Mallord William Turner 1775–1851
Lecture Diagram: The Reflection and Refraction of Rays of Light circa 1817–28
D16989
Turner Bequest CXCV 20
Pencil and watercolour on white wove paper, 485 x 690 mm
Watermarked ‘J WHATMAN | TURKEY MILLS | 1817’
Inscribed by Turner in red and black watercolour over pencil with various initial letters within diagram
Inscribed by John Ruskin in red ink ‘20’ bottom right
 
Accepted by the nation as part of the Turner Bequest 1856
Prepared in connection with his lectures as Professor of Perspective at the Royal Academy, Turner’s diagram is based on a plate from Dr Brook Taylor’s Method of Perspective Made Easy; both in Theory and Practice: in Two Books (London 1768, vol.I, pl.II, fig.9) by John Joshua Kirby (1716–74). Kirby used it to demonstrate the reflection and refraction of rays of light. There is a sketch of the diagram in a manuscript probably used by Turner for lecturing in 1819.1
1
Turner, ‘Royal Academy Lectures’, circa 1807–38, Department of Western Manuscripts, British Library, London, ADD MS 46151 Y folio 6 verso. On the dating of this lecture material, see John Gage, Colour in Turner: Poetry and Truth, London 1969, p.249 note 170 and Maurice William Davies, ‘J.M.W. Turner’s Approach to Perspective in His Royal Academy Lectures of 1811’, unpublished Ph.D thesis, Courtauld Institute of Art, London 1994, p.279.
Technical notes:
Peter Bower writes that this sheet is from a batch of Super Royal size Whatman paper made by Finch and Thomas Robert Hollingworth, at Turkey Mill, Maidstone, Kent. This group ‘show both very good sheets as well as some outside, or retree, sheets where the “back” of the sheet, size spots and streaking, and formation shadows are visible’.1
1
Notes in Tate catalogue files.
Verso:
Blank, save for an inscription by an unknown hand in pencil ‘47’ or ‘48’ bottom left.

Andrea Fredericksen
June 2004

Supported by The Samuel H. Kress Foundation

Revised by David Blayney Brown
January 2012

How to cite

Andrea Fredericksen, ‘Lecture Diagram: The Reflection and Refraction of Rays of Light c.1817–28 by Joseph Mallord William Turner’, catalogue entry, June 2004, revised by David Blayney Brown, January 2012, in David Blayney Brown (ed.), J.M.W. Turner: Sketchbooks, Drawings and Watercolours, Tate Research Publication, December 2012, https://www.tate.org.uk/art/research-publications/jmw-turner/joseph-mallord-william-turner-lecture-diagram-the-reflection-and-refraction-of-rays-of-r1136737, accessed 22 November 2024.