Joseph Mallord William Turner A Sailing Boat or Boats at Sea with Blustery Clouds c.1823-6
Joseph Mallord William Turner 1775–1851
A Sailing Boat or Boats at Sea with Blustery Clouds c.1823–6
D36317
Turner Bequest CCCLXV 27a
Turner Bequest CCCLXV 27a
Watercolour on white wove paper, 240 x 304 mm
Blind-stamped with Turner Bequest monogram towards bottom right
Stamped in black ‘CCCLXV – 27a’ bottom right
Blind-stamped with Turner Bequest monogram towards bottom right
Stamped in black ‘CCCLXV – 27a’ bottom right
Accepted by the nation as part of the Turner Bequest 1856
Exhibition history
1959
The Romantic Movement: Fifth Exhibition to Celebrate the Tenth Anniversary of the Council of Europe, Tate Gallery and Arts Council Gallery, London, July–September 1959 (455, as one of two ‘Studies of Clouds’).
1970
Turner: Watercolours Lent by the British Museum, Musée Provisoire d’Art Moderne, Brussels, November 1970–January 1971 (103, reproduced).
1974
Turner 1775–1851, Royal Academy, London, November 1974–March 1975 (176, as one of ‘Two Studies on One Sheet: a Cloudy Sky over the Sea; and a Stormy Landscape’, c.1817).
1976
J.M.W. Turner 1775–1851: Akvareller og Tegninger fra British Museum, Statens Museum for Kunst, Copenhagen, February–May 1976 (16, as one of ‘Two Studies on One Sheet’, c.1817, reproduced upside down).
1976
William Turner und die Landschaft seiner Zeit, Hamburger Kunsthalle, May–July 1976 (26, as one of ‘Zwei Studien auf einem Blatt: Bewölkter Himmel über dem Meer; Sturm über einer Landscaft’, c.1817, reproduced).
1995
Sketching the Sky: Watercolours from the Turner Bequest, Tate Gallery, London, September 1995–February 1996 (no number, as ‘Boats at Sea’, c.1820–25).
2007
J.M.W. Turner, National Gallery of Art, Washington, October 2007–January 2008, Dallas Museum of Art, February–May 2008, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, June–September 2008 (71, as ‘A Boat at Sea’, c.1820–25, reproduced in colour).
2012
Turner and the Elements, Turner Contemporary, Margate, January–May 2012 (41, as ‘Boats at Sea’, c.1820–25, reproduced in colour).
References
1830
A.J. Finberg, A Complete Inventory of the Drawings of the Turner Bequest, London 1909, vol.II, p.1213, CCCLXV 27 (a), as ‘Sea and sky’, after c.1830.
1970
Luke Herrmann, Turner: Watercolours Lent by the British Museum, exhibition catalogue, Musée Provisoire d’Art Moderne, Brussels 1970, p.25 no.103, reproduced p.[64].
1817
Martin Butlin, Andrew Wilton and John Gage, Turner 1775–1851, exhibition catalogue, Royal Academy, London 1974, p.80 no.176, as one of ‘Two Studies on One Sheet: a Cloudy Sky over the Sea; and a Stormy Landscape’, c.1817.
1817
Werner Hofmann in Hofmann, Andrew Wilton, Siegmar Hosten and others, William Turner und die Landschaft seiner Zeit, exhibition catalogue, Hamburger Kunsthalle 1976, p.106 no.26, as one of ‘Zwei Studien auf einem Blatt: Bewölkter Himmel über dem Meer; Sturm über einer Landscaft’, c.1817, reproduced.
1817
David Loshak and Andrew Wilton, J.M.W. Turner 1775–1851: Akvareller og Tegninger fra British Museum, exhibition catalogue, Statens Museum for Kunst, Copenhagen 1976, p.36 no.16, as one of ‘Two Studies on One Sheet’, c.1817, reproduced p.37 (upside down).
1820
Sketching the Sky: Watercolours from the Turner Bequest, exhibition catalogue, Tate Gallery, London 1995, p.[8] no number, as ‘Boats at Sea’, c.1820–25.
1997
Eric Shanes, Turner’s Watercolour Explorations 1810–1842, exhibition catalogue, Tate Gallery, London 1997, p.102 Appendix I ‘Sea Sketches and Studies’ and ‘Sky Sketches’.
1820
Ian Warrell in Warrell (ed.), Franklin Kelly and others, J.M.W. Turner, exhibition catalogue, National Gallery of Art, Washington 2007, p.110 no.71, as ‘A Boat at Sea’, c.1820–25, reproduced in colour.
There seems to be a hint of a second, darker sail just behind and to the right of the prominent white one which has been differentiated by dampening and lifting out the background colour, suggesting two boats in close formation in changeable light.
Although placed without further comment after about 1830 by Finberg,1 this work is dated here in line with the period of the ‘Little Liber’ series, by comparison with the maritime subject, light tones and dynamic, loose handling of one of the canonical watercolour designs, Ship in a Storm (Tate D25432; Turner Bequest CCLXIII 309a). See also Tate D25339 and D35926 (Turner Bequest CCLXIII 217, CCCLXIV 83) in the present subsection.
See also the breezy landscape subject Tate D36318 (Turner Bequest CCCLXV 27b) in a similar mode, still attached below the present work as discussed in the technical notes here.
Technical notes:
Although stamped, measured and imaged as a separate work, this is the upper half of a once-folded vertical sheet shared with Tate D36318 (Turner Bequest CCCLXV 27b), another horizontal landscape. Their overall size is approximately 483 x 304 mm. The fold is evident as a darkened horizontal line between them. The division is fairly neat except where the wash at the top right of the other composition extends slightly onto the bottom right of this half, suggesting that the sheet was worked on unfolded at least for part of the time.
As Ian Warrell has noted:
Many of the sheets of paper in the Turner Bequest were trimmed or cut down after they became national property in order that they could be mounted and shown to the public. This policy sometimes meant that groups of studies which Turner had made on one sheet, as part of the same creative process, were separated. Happily, this piece of paper still gives some idea of how Turner worked on several complementary subjects at the same time.1
Verso:
Blank
Matthew Imms
September 2016
How to cite
Matthew Imms, ‘A Sailing Boat or Boats at Sea with Blustery Clouds c.1823–6 by Joseph Mallord William Turner’, catalogue entry, September 2016, in David Blayney Brown (ed.), J.M.W. Turner: Sketchbooks, Drawings and Watercolours, Tate Research Publication, December 2016, https://www