J.M.W. Turner: Sketchbooks, Drawings and Watercolours

ISBN 978-1-84976-386-8
J.M.W. Turner > 1836-47 Modern painter > Venice, Austria and Southern Germany ... > The Route from Venice: Passau; ... > Artwork

Joseph Mallord William Turner Würzburg from the Käppele, with the Marienberg and River Main beyond the Stations of the Cross 1840

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Joseph Mallord William Turner, ‘Würzburg from the Käppele, with the Marienberg and River Main beyond the Stations of the Cross’ 1840
Joseph Mallord William Turner 1775–1851
Würzburg from the Käppele, with the Marienberg and River Main beyond the Stations of the Cross 1840
D34516
Turner Bequest CCCXLIV 152
Pencil on off-white wove paper, 250 x 337 mm
Blind-stamped with Turner Bequest monogram towards bottom right
Inscribed in red ink ‘152’ bottom right
Stamped in black ‘CCCXLIV 152’ bottom right
Accepted by the nation as part of the Turner Bequest 1856
Würzburg, as Finberg recognised,1 is seen from just east of the Käppele pilgrimage church, shown high up at the left-hand edge and again in a separate detail below, looking down from the Nikolausberg over the valley of the River Main. To the north beyond the church is the Marienberg fortress, with the domes and spires of the city to the north-east on the opposite bank. Domed Baroque pavilions containing sculptures of the Stations of the Cross line the long sequence of steps and terraces approaching the church.
Turner was recorded in Würzburg on 23 September 1840, and after rounding off the southern German pages of his Venice; Passau to Würzburg sketchbook with a view from his hotel (Tate D31376; Turner Bequest CCCX 51), he filled about a quarter of his tour’s final book, Würzburg, Rhine and Ostend, with a thorough survey in and around the picturesque city; see under Tate D30596 (Turner Bequest CCCIII 71). There are also two watercolour and gouache studies on blue and grey papers (respectively Tate D36157, D36158; Turner Bequest CCCLXIV 300, 301), one in pencil on blue (D25101; CCLXII 1), and two related pencil drawings on larger sheets of white (the present work and D34515; CCCXLIV 151). All show the Marienberg on the left, with the city below to the east, as do two watercolours (currently untraced;2 National Museum Wales, Cardiff3), ‘similar in size to TB CCCXLIV 151 and 152 and ... probably painted over pencil sketches drawn on the spot’, as Cecilia Powell has noted.4 D34515 is a close variant of the present view, but excludes the Käppele.
Powell pictured ‘a point when Turner could bear the confinement of his small sketchbook no longer’,5 and these views on the separate sheets are independent of those in the Würzburg, Rhine and Ostend book. The Marienberg appears many times within it, but only D30620 (CCCIII 83) shows it with the city from the south, from down on the opposite bank of the Main; D30630 (CCCIII 88) is among sketches showing the distant Käppele beyond the fortress to the south-west, looking back in the opposite direction.
Three pencil sketches of superficially similar scenes on separate sheets, suggested by Finberg as Würzburg subjects, await identification (Tate D33691, D34026, D34027; Turner Bequest CCCXLI 15, 307, 308).6
1
See Finberg 1909, II, p.1120.
2
Andrew Wilton, J.M.W. Turner: His Life and Work, Fribourg 1979, p.459 no.1321, as ‘Ehrenbreitstein and Coblenz’, c.1840, pl.242 (colour).
3
Ibid., no.1322, as ‘Ehrenbreitstein and Coblenz’, c.1840, reproduced; Powell 1995, p.174 no.105, as ‘Distant View of Würzburg from the South’, c.1840–1, reproduced in colour p.175.
4
Powell 1995, p.174.
5
Ibid., p.72.
6
See Finberg 1909, II, pp.1065, 1082.
Technical notes:
There are adventitious spots or offsets of blue colour at the bottom right, and two areas of rubbing to the surface towards the top left, around the church; Turner may have initially attempted to squeeze in or adjust additional details of the church at the very edge of the paper before resorting to the less cramped reprise of this section below.
Verso:
Presumed blank; laid down on a roughly trimmed sheet of modern white card.

Matthew Imms
September 2018

How to cite

Matthew Imms, ‘Würzburg from the Käppele, with the Marienberg and River Main beyond the Stations of the Cross 1840 by Joseph Mallord William Turner’, catalogue entry, September 2018, in David Blayney Brown (ed.), J.M.W. Turner: Sketchbooks, Drawings and Watercolours, Tate Research Publication, December 2019, https://www.tate.org.uk/art/research-publications/jmw-turner/joseph-mallord-william-turner-wurzburg-from-the-kappele-with-the-marienberg-and-river-main-r1197085, accessed 18 December 2024.