Summary
Henry Howard (1628-84) was the grandson of Thomas Howard, 14th Earl of Arundel (1585-1646) who had been the foremost collector and patron of the arts in Britain - apart from Charles I himself (reigned 1625-49) - in the years up to the outbreak of the Civil War. The War forced the principal members of the Catholic Howard family to go into exile on the Continent. Arundel himself died in Padua in 1646 and Henry spent his formative years in the Low Countries and in Italy, returning to England following the Restoration of the Stuart monarchy in 1660. He inherited those parts of his grandfather's great collection that had not been dispersed in the interim.
At Henry's instigation the title of Duke of Norfolk, which had been in abeyance for almost a century, was restored to his elder brother Thomas in December 1660. Thomas was insane and lived under care in Italy and, on his death in 1677, Henry succeeded to the dukedom… (read more)
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